It is not only Hamlet who is ‘transformed’ Essay

â€Å"Something have you heard of Hamlet’s transformation† It is not only Hamlet who is ‘transformed’: the concepts of transformation and decay are at the centre of the play both for Shakespeare’s audience and for modern theatregoers. Discuss. The opening scene of Hamlet is one filled with nervousness and emotional tension. Shakespeare shows this through the language of his characters. Barnardo’s first line of â€Å"Who’s there† followed by Francisco’s reply of â€Å"Nay, answer me.† reveals to the audience the agitation of the sentinels. This unstable atmosphere continues throughout the scene and the audience find out that there is a threat from Fortinbras to attack Denmark and the old king has died. Certainty dissolves into rumour showing there is also dislocation in Denmark’s society â€Å"At least the whisper goes so† as the people are uncertain about what is going to happen. The play speaks of a â€Å"strange eruption† to the state and so it could be argued that Denmark has gone through a ‘transformation’ of political power and the state itself has changed. This is because Marcellus speaks of the ‘old’ Denmark and how â€Å"hallow’d and so gracious is that time† when the nights were â€Å"wholesome†. The ‘new’ Denmark, on the other hand, is a place where the dead are restless and the future of the country is uncertain. The theme of political instability was a significant factor for a 17th century audience who had experienced similar traumas. England had struggled to raise a navy to meet the Spanish Armada in 1588. Shakespeare’s Denmark is in a state in jeopardy- just as England was after the death of Elizabeth as the public awaited to see who would succeed the throne. Shakespeare’s first audience could see a scene of their own recent history- and an unsettling reminder of their uncertain future. Like the sentinels, an audience in the 1600s would feel uneasy and sense the dislocation of Denmark. A modern audience understands the instability in the opening scene, however, they would not necessarily be fully aware of its intenseness, as there are different attitudes towards kings and the transmission of power of one regime to the next today. Nevertheless, the opening scene has a dramatic impact on both audiences and although an audience in 1600 would relate to the ‘transformation’ of the state more than an audience in 2003, both audiences understand that â€Å"Something is rotten in the state of Denmark. † The instability of the natural world affects the different audiences in different ways. The entrance of the Ghost had particular significance to Shakespeare’s audience; religion and the state were intertwined; ghosts walked the earth and their return signified unfinished business, a threat to the state or buried treasure. In this case, the ghost is seen wearing armour showing that evil must have occurred which harmed the former king: â€Å"My father’s spirit – in arms! All is not well. I doubt some foul play. † The arrival of the Ghost establishes the break between this world and the next, the natural and the supernatural. This adds to the idea of ‘transformation’ of Denmark that has gone from a place of natural stability into a state of constant turmoil where the supernatural and natural are combined. There is a greater dramatic impact on Shakespeare’s audience when the Ghost arrives because they believed in the supernatural world and therefore would understand this unstableness in the state. Modern audiences, however, would not be fully aware of how significant the arrival of the Ghost is in the play. More people today do not believe in such things as ghosts and the supernatural realm. However, modern audiences would sense that there has been a ‘transformation’ in the natural order of Denmark, the reasons for this change such as political and moral instability would affect the audience more than the supernatural aspect of the play. Moral issues in Hamlet add to the idea that the state has been ‘transformed’. Both audiences would have been shocked to discover the marriage between Claudius and Gertrude having found out that Claudius is the dead king’s brother. Shakespeare shows us disgust through the language of his characters. Hamlet’s line of: â€Å"O most wicked speed! To post with such dexterity to incestuous sheets! † has hissing sibilants that truly show the disgust of the prince and therefore the audience. Shakespeare also emphasises Hamlet’s repulsion repeatedly with vivid sexual imageries, † In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed†¦ † furthermore increasing our disgust of incest between the â€Å"Bloat King† and his queen. Some among Hamlet’s first audience would recognise this marriage as a parallel to English history. Claudius kills a king and assumes his throne. Henry VII killed King Richard III at Bosworth and founded a Tudor dynasty on a flawed pedigree. Claudius marries Gertrude his late brother’s wife as Henry VIII married his brother’s widow, Katharine of Aragon. Shakespeare’s audience knew how England had suffered because of the immoral involvement between the royals, such as incest and murder, so they could predict that Denmark will suffer because of its king as England did. By relating his play to parts of recent history, Shakespeare relies on his audience to supply the details of what is to come.

Basel Iii

1: Relationship between the capital base of banks and the 2007-1010 financial crisis and great recession. Previous financial crisis have demonstrated that past efforts to prevent systematic crashes are insufficient, and are still working to implement The Basel III framework. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision tried to concentrate on solving some of the major systematic problems known during the financial crisis, however Basel III might fail to reduce the risks, some major countries could choose to reject the proposals or delay the implementation of this framework. One of the main problems is that Basel III is focusing mostly in Europe and the United States, ignoring the practices in emerging economies. This new regulation will only shift systematic risk from one place to another without really reducing the risk of global financial crises placing greater regulation on banks and allowing non bank institutions to operate without supervision, meaning that this will increase rather than decrease systematic risk. 2: What measures should limit counterparty credit risk? Counterparty credit risk is the risk that the opposing party in a financial transaction will fail to honor an agreement. Since Basel II did not required banks to hold enough money in order to honor the agreement, Basel II is imposing additional measures to calculate the amount of risk. Some of the measures to limit counterparty credit risk are to include a period of economic and market stress when making assumptions, this way banks will be required to hold more capital in order to honor the agreement. Also, it has been proposed that banks increase the correlation assumptions between financial firms assets, this will increase the risk adjusted weighting for banks funding from other financial institutions, and by doing this financial institutions will decrease the dependence on one another. 3: Discuss the use of liquidity ratios as a valid focus for international regulations. The liquidity framework aims to improve banks flexibility to liquidity problems in the market; however it will harm international practices. The liquidity framework will increase the cost and decrease the availability of credit, meaning that banks would not have sufficient funds to conform to the minimum regulatory NSFR. It could also create liquid asset shortages or a large concentration of risk since all banks will want to hold similar assets, so banks will not be able to rely on lines of credit, liquidity facilities or other type of funding. This could negatively affect the international bank lending market, which is a major source of funding for many banks.

Helpful advice on how to write with style Essay

Helpful advice on how to write with style - Essay Example One can feel the heart-warming and invigorating fragrance in a rose garden, not in the garbage dump. Good literature emerges from noble language and feelings. Various factors influence the evolvement and development of a language. It influences the thought-processes of an individual. For example, the impact on the mind of a reader by reading Karl Marx will be different from reading the dramas by Shakespeare or by reading the love-poems of Keats! In addition, political and economic causes also contribute to the decline of a language. George Orwell (2004) in his essay Politics and the English Language, writes, â€Å"†¦.it is not due simply to the bad influence of this or that individual writer. But an effect can become a cause, reinforcing the original cause and producing the same effect in an intensified form, and so on indefinitely.† If the social conditions are bad, its influence on expressions of the people and language will also be bad. Thought processes of the individ uals needs to be refined for good thoughts to sprout. The wise saying goes—when the thoughts are changed, the mind is changed. When the Helpful†¦.2 mind changes for the better, it will generate better thoughts which in turn are the cause for producing good literature. Good style will flow automatically. Writing in style is the gift of God, intelligently cultivated. Hard work is the foundation for success in any area, and so is the case with good writing style. Some of the important points that contribute to writing in style are: 1. Avoid ugliness and repetition of the same feelings by using synonyms. 2. Write precisely, read the essay several times, and edit it constructively. Delete all the verbiage. 3. Do not say something the meaning of which is unclear to you. Your opinions need to be without ambiguity, for their clear expression. 4. The reader forms his opinion on the basis of your writing, not on the basis of what is in your mind. 5. Incompetence or incompleteness of the information tendered cannot be condoned. Research your facts well, before incorporating them in your essay. 6. Let the metaphors that you use create before your mind vibrant thought processes and a likeable visual image. Shun worn-out metaphors. 7. Remain strongly interested what you are saying and let it be the reflection of your true thought processes. Helpful†¦.3 8. Do not pervert the phrases, if the meaning is not clear to you. 9. Give preference to active voice. 10. Avoid slovenliness and vagueness. 11. Borrowing words from Greek or any language for the sake of style is a misconception. It doesn’t contribute to the enhancement of the writing style. 12. Let the sentences be stronger, shorter and clearer. They will be more effective. 13. Do not develop your writing style with the perspective of readers. Do not get confused with the pre-assessment as to what would be the opinion of the readers. When your teacher tells you to improve your style, he is not asking you to give up your original style; he only suggests improvements to make it more elegant and persuasive. 14. Proper communication of the ideas is important. Acquiring knowledge is fine, but not imitating other’s style. 15. Give your frank opinions, but when in doubt, be conservative. 16. Hold the attention of the readers by being just and equitable. 17. Filler words and common phrases may irritate the readers. This is as good as taking a circuitous route to reach the destination

Individual assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual assignment - Essay Example During the marketing strategies that Unilever implements for their brands, they can get to know through the response of the customers about which marketing activity has been successful for a particular brand and which strategy has been unsuccessful. Different types of management strategies are applicable during the various circumstances and therefore Unilever always need to learn and have an awareness of the latest management practices that facilitates the organization to become a successful organization. The strategies that are developed by Unilever cannot be kept on being implemented always and forever. It needs to change according to the market results of the products of Unilever. So accordingly after the marketing of the products, Unilever learns which are the most appropriate and suitable strategy that should be implemented in their organization. The learning is school is quite applicable and can be strongly related to Unilever. The industry has some benchmarked management practices and procedures that if applied by organizations will allow the organizations to become successful. Unilever as it is a professional organization and strives to maintain its market leader position need to focus on the benchmarked rules that are present in the industry. The various strategies being implemented in Unilever is emerged as the organization is proceeding further and they adapt to the changing market environments and then learn to change their strategies according to the market demand and implement those strategies that may attract the customers towards their organization’s product. Unilever at times may face complex and unpredictable situations from their competitors and this may cause pressure on the organization as they may have to immediately change their strategies of working and marketing their products. Unilever being a

HIV Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

HIV - Essay Example This results in the further marginalization of these groups as a result of the stigma that is associated with people who are affected by this disease. They are thus, doubly oppressed as they have to face oppression as a result of their class and their medical condition. In some cases, the situation is complicated by issues of ethnicity. This paper shall look at such details as they are found in Unity Dow’s novel Far and Beyond and Beauty’s Gift by Sindiwe Magona. The paper shall look at how the issues of race and class influence and inform the analyses that these two writers make of the problem of HIV/AIDS. The sensitivity with which the issues of how the two problems interact, is handled, shall be looked at in the paper. The paper shall also look at the complex nature of this interaction. Unity Dow’s novel, Far and Beyond, looks at the condition of women in Botswana. It is the condition of such women who are indoctrinated into believing that they are inferior to men that the novel analyses. This position is complicated by the fact that the women of this community often have to fight against diseases and medical conditions on their own as well. The novel delves deep into the family of Mara where she and her children are faced with the burden of dealing with social marginalization and the problems that are a part of living with AIDS. What the novelist hints at is the fact that in such a society, it is difficult to deal with issues such as medical care when the main preoccupation of the people who are victims is to fight off poverty. In such situations, one also needs to analyse the fact of whether such conditions of poverty are not engendered by a lack of opportunities that are a chronic problem in countries such as Botswana. Such conditions of underdevelopment also lead to problems within the legal and social frameworks for

Ost benefit framework to analysis cloud computing Essay

Ost benefit framework to analysis cloud computing - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Higher Education Institutes around the world have the necessity of having information technology in their institutions. The various institutions have a transition and now moving to cloud computing technologies, which is critical in shifting the cost of operation. The improvement on cost is coming from the fact that the services are no longer â€Å"locally hosted† but are now in a â€Å"rental model†. Apart from cost-benefit, cloud computing has the advantage of being available and resilient. There is an analysis of the benefits of cloud computing. The outcomes of the researchers demonstrate that there is an open door for both institutions of higher learning and Cloud suppliers to team up keeping in mind the end goal to upgrade the nature of administrations and decrease costs. There is an ambitious plan by the government of India to raise the enrollment of students in higher education from the current 16 million to 42 mill ion by the year 2020. There is also a plan interconnect the universities and colleges and offer e-learning in the process. All these plans will be made possible and cheaper through cloud computing. The system of education that has its basis on cloud computing provides efficiency where the construction and sometimes maintenance is by the cloud computing suppliers. Many organizations apart from the educational institutions are adapting to the Cloud computing services as it has a higher return on investment

Effective Team and Performance Management Essay - 11

Effective Team and Performance Management - Essay Example The paper is focused on the interpersonal relationship in the company. It proves that self-awareness of employees helps to increase effectiveness of the team management. The work describes how to develop self-awareness of employees. Some of the techniques include relationship orientation, soft skills, soliciting feedbacks, asking good questions, listening without justification etc. The author shows that relationship orientation revolves around safety, understanding, trust, sensitivity, and respect. â€Å"Soft skill† are usually heard skills that effect relationships at the work place. Consequently, employees will tent to feel that they are free in their attitudes and behaviors hence this can bring mutual respect. The work enumerates the three key tasks for the team leadership: supporting and coaching the team to succeed, maintaining and building a team as a performing unit, and lastly, creating a condition that will enable the team to embark on its work. The paper is supplied with the diagrams that illustrate the leadership skills in an organizational relationship. It provides the description of McGregor’s theory x and y as well as skills characteristics of theory x manager and y manager. The author concludes that interpersonal relationship is very essential in any given team or organization since this in one way or another that leads to either success or failure in organizational goals. It is important for one to evaluate oneself thoroughly in order to be self-aware so that to be able to manipulate those who are near correctly.

ASSIGNMENT Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ASSIGNMENT - Annotated Bibliography Example two years revealed that the students had higher achievements in comprehension reading, vocabulary reading, and computation of mathematics, language expression and better interaction with other students. The handicapped students were more accepted than it was in the tradition school. The gifted students are also seen to perform well than it was before the project. The physically handicapped students are more appreciated by their peers and this helps them to explore their potential. They can do a lot of work and achieve more than their peers who are not handicapped. The author research clearly depicts that cooperation amongst teachers, parent, and children influences positively on the development of the child and their achievement. The author has also pointed out that the physically handicapped students can do well if they are not isolated fro others. There is no difference between the physically challenged student and the normal students when all are treated equally. The research is s ignificantly practical since it use the students as the subject as well as the audience. The second article was looking into the effects of peer collaboration on children arithmetic and self regulated learning skills. Peer collaboration groups were compared using the traditional method and the independent method to assess the changes amongst the children. The progress of the students was determined by their calculations, ability in arithmetic, self regulated learning in mathematics, as well as quantitative concepts. The outcomes of the test reveal hat there is no significant change in assessing between teaching methods when assessing arithmetic in calculation and total. Peer collaboration is effective than independent and traditional work for students’ intrinsic motivation. In the research, the author has concentrated on the interaction of the peers in their studies. Peer groups motivate each other, and most school should adopt group learning systems to motivate their students. The

Suspension Bridge Essay Example for Free

Suspension Bridge Essay What is meant by suspension bridge? A suspension bridge is a type of bridge in which the deck (the load-bearing portion) is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders. Outside Tibet and Bhutan, where the first examples of this type of bridge were built in the 15th century, this type of bridge dates from the early 19th century. Bridges without vertical suspenders have a long history in many mountainous parts of the world. Structure of suspension bridge – This type of bridge has cables suspended between towers, plus vertical suspender cables that carry the weight of the deck below, upon which traffic crosses. This arrangement allows the deck to be level or to arc upward for additional clearance. Like other suspension bridge types, this type often is constructed without false work. Can a suspension bridge be considered as a work on parabola? Yes, a suspension bridge can be called a work on parabola. As a suspension bridge is designed on parabola as the bridge is also in the â€Å"U† shaped figure as we can see it in our project. Parabola is a curved conical shaped open figure. Parabola can be defined in different ways. First, it is the graph of any quadratic function of the form y = ax2 + bx + c. Another way though, is to define it as the collection of all points that are equidistant from a line and a point not on the line. A parabola is a curve, much like a U shape. The most simple parabola is y = x^2. More info about parabola   and suspension bridge Some facts about parabola and suspension bridge:- The vertical line passing through the vertex is called the axis of symmetry. The eq. for the line is where D=0 Quadratic formula if ax2 + bx + c = 0 then x=-b ±b2-4ac2a Basic design of parabolic bridge:- Dutch scientist Christian Huygens believed that two cables running between two towers could support weight that was much greater than its own weight. The cables suspended between the two towers naturally took the shape of a parabola. The parabolic shape of the cable is created not only by gravity but also by the compression and tension forces acting on the bridge. Todays scientists believe that this is the most efficient design because it requires the least amount of materials to support a heavy load. The modern suspension bridge is composed of a deck, supports, foundations, long wire cables and hangers. Latest Research on Suspension Bridges:- Research on structural topology optimization on a suspension bridges parabolic cable has shown that it is possible to increase its capacity to withstand compressive forces. In order to help stabilize suspension bridges, truss systems are used. The truss system helps the deck resist bending, twisting and swaying. DO you KNOW: The longest suspension bridge in the world (as of 2010) is the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Kobe, Japan. It opened in 1998 and spans an incredible 1991 meters (6529 feet) Suspension Bridges Design technology Suspension bridges in their simplest form were originally made from rope and wood. Modern suspension bridges use a box section roadway supported by high tensile strength cables. In the early nineteenth century, suspension bridges used iron chains for cables. The high tensile cables used in most modern suspension bridges were introduced in the late nineteenth century. Today, the cables are made of thousands of individual steel wires bound tightly together. Steel, which is very strong under tension, is an ideal material for cables; a single steel wire, only 0.1 inch thick, can support over half a ton without breaking. Light, and strong, suspension bridges can span distances from 2,000 to 7,000 feet far longer than any other kind of bridge. They are ideal for covering busy waterways. With any bridge project the choice of materials and form usually comes down to cost. Suspension bridges tend to be the most expensive to build. A suspension bridge suspends the roadway from huge main cables, which extend from one end of the bridge to the other. These cables rest on top of high towers and have to be securely anchored into the bank at either end of the bridge. The towers enable the main cables to be draped over long distances. Most of the weight or load of the bridge is transferred by the cables to the anchorage systems. These are imbedded in either solid rock or huge concrete blocks. Inside the anchorages, the cables are spread over a large area to evenly distribute the load and to prevent the cables from breaking free. Suspension bridge: construction that allows automobiles to travel between two points separated by an obstacle. Side span: segment between two pylons at the ends of a bridge. Centre span: segment between two pylons at the centre of a bridge. Side pylon: tower-like vertical construction situated at the side, usually supporting the cables of a suspension bridge or a cable-stayed bridge. Foundation of a pylon: very durable lower part of a tower. Suspender: support cable. Suspension cable: set of braided wire that supports a bridge. Pylon: tower-like vertical support that usually supports the cables of a suspension bridge or a cable-stayed bridge. Stiffening girder: tightener beam

Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Essay Macbeth is a play that is written by William Shakespeare, who is a famous poet and playwright. William Shakespeare’s play Macbeth is a tragedy. The earliest account of its performance was from 1606. Tragedies contain distressing events that involve the main character or characters. These types of plays usually contain the death of a liked character or the main character or characters. Macbeth’s genre is a tragedy due to some of its themes. One theme of the play that portraits a tragic event is the theme of ambition. This is where Macbeth gets the idea of being king, but for him to become king he kills multiple times by committing a murder himself or getting others to kill on his behalf, like with the killing of King Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macduff and her child, which are tragic events due to death. The other theme is prophecy where the supernatural exists with the three witches, who give the prophecy to Macbeth about him becoming king, and that’s where Macbeth’s ambition starts, which turns into evil and also leads to tragic events. There is also the theme of reality that shows a tragic event as this leads to the death of Macbeth. Due to his belief in his own invincibility and he is killed by Macduff. A Greek philosopher called Aristotle said that all tragedies must have these characteristics: a man of high social standing, experiences a downfall, because of the flaw it is revealed only as a result of a tragic action of the narrative. Macbeth fits Aristotle characteristics by its structure of the play. It fits the characteristics by this: rising action of exposition is the very begging at the play. The complication, which is the witches’ prophecy, that leads to the rising action of the murders of people in the play. The climax is when Macbeth is the king. The falling action followers by Macbeth kills more to retain his title of king and Lady Macbeth dies and the catastrophe which is where Macbeth gets killed due to his ambition turning evil, and the resolution which is where Malcolm becomes king. The structure fits Aristotle characteristics as Macbeth the man with high social standing, experiences a downfall, which is the climax of killing for his ambition, which then, leads to a result of tragic action of which Macbeth the main character is killed. In the play Macbeth, Shakespeare uses different types of language like verse, which is written as poetry. Most of it is blank verse and rhymed couplets. He also uses prose, which is everything that is not in poetry. In the play, Shakespeare uses a blank verse, which has ten syllables with five stresses in each line. Shakespeare uses rhymed couplets in Macbeth to let the audience know it’s the end of a scene due to the fact the theatres in the 16th and 17th century did not have curtains or lightening effects like ours today due to show the end of a scene. In Macbeth act 2 scene 3 Malcolm says at the end of the scene. â€Å"But shift away: theres warrant in that theft. Which steals itself, when theres no mercy left† Here is a rhyming couplet as the pairs of line rhyme by the words theft and left, by this rhyming couplet signals the audience and actors back then that it is the end of the scene. Macbeth also has prose language in the play. Shakespeare uses prose for those characters that have comic and low statuses, as the prose structure does not have a formal structure of poetry and it can mean many manners of ideas. In Macbeth prose is used when Lady Macbeth is sleep walking in Act 5 scene 1 when she says â€Å"Yet heres a spot. † The use of prose here shows Lady Macbeth is ill and going mad by her losing her high status as she speaks in prose which is normally used by low status characters. Macbeth also uses paradox in some of his lines like with the witches saying at start in scene 1 act 1, â€Å"Fair is foul, foul is fair†. This quote from Macbeth is where the witches are saying things are not what they seem, but Macbeth writes the line differently than that in paradox, which is when it contrasts itself. Therefore, it makes the line more interesting to listen to, and it get us the audience to think more what is being meant, as it can be very ambiguous. The meaning of this line is more embraced, as it does seem things are not what it seems when the line is paradox. In Macbeth there is a lot of imagery text like with metaphors, which are something, called something else like with this quote Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell: Though all things foul would wear the brows of grace†. This is when Malcolm describes Macbeth as a fallen angle, which implies Macbeth is perfect, and cannot do wrong and shows Malcolm thinks very highly of Macbeth. When Shakespeare uses metaphors it gives a great image to the audience, as you can see it gives us a better picture of what Malcolm feelings are of Macbeth. In Macbeth imagery text is used by similes as well, which is something is described as something else like here, â€Å"And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, which was not so before. This is where the floating danger which Macbeth see in front of him turn bloody and the simile describes the blade as â€Å"dudgeon gouts of blood† which says it has lots of blood on it. When Shakespeare uses similes it gives a powerful image of what something looks like as the blade give the image of loads of blood rather than just a bit. Also Shakespeare uses personification in Macbeth which is something is described as human like â€Å"Stones have been known to move, and trees to speak. Here the environment is being described like humans saying the stones move and the trees speak which is give a very unusual image to the audience but make them more engaged to watch and listen. Macbeth is a play that is loosely based on events in the past in the year of 1040-1057 in Scotland. The events are based on a real person called Macbeth, who ruled as king in Scotland in 1040-1057. He did overthrow the previous king Duncan. The real Lady Macbeth was a granddaughter of another king, who was actually murdered by king Duncan’s grandfather. Malcolm and Donald Bain were sons of King Duncan, with Malcolm becoming king after the death of Macbeth. You can see Shakespeare’s play had the similarities of the past with the some of the character names and their position like the real Macbeth became king after Duncan who died who was king previously, but the difference is that there was no murder of King Duncan in the past like there is in the play. But I think Shakespeare would have got the idea of murder of Duncan by the real Lady Macbeth’s grandfather who was killed by the real King Duncan’s grandfather. The audiences of 1606 who watched the play would have been shocked of the death of Macbeth in the play as they see him in war and succeeding, they see him being loyal to the king, and that he could have been seen as a hero. However, when he turns evil by killing for his ambition to come true he is seen as villain in some audiences eyes, but they also see him die. This would shock the audience as their hero turned into evil and died. This may make the audience think whom they can actually trust; especially the king would at that time have been King James, in case the same happened to him like King Duncan in the play. King James of Scotland would have seen Macbeth and I think his thoughts of the play may have shocked him. It would have shocked him as he would have empathised with king Duncan, and when he see him getting killed by what he had believed to have been a loyal friend, this would of worried him. King James would rethink his loyal friends, and would have been cautious in case a loyal friend would kill him as King Duncan was killed. The witches at the start of the play would have affected the audiences as in 1611; witchcraft was seen as real and very scary, so this would have attracted the audience’s attention and spooks them a bit. In England at 1563, there were laws placed against witchcraft by Queen Elizabeth. In 1603 queen Elizabeth died, and when the play was performed I think the first scene of the witches would have irritated some people due to the fact that it was disrespecting their previous queen Elizabeth’s law against witchcraft. I think some audiences may have thought Shakespeare was a witch of some sort, for writing witchcraft into his play Macbeth, which may lead to people to think his plays was good though witchcraft was being used to write them. I also think male audiences in 1606 would have been offended by Lady Macbeth overruling and controlling a man in the play which is Macbeth, when she orders him to kill King Duncan. In 1606 women were lower and that men were leaders and were not suppose to be controlled by women. But in the play it shows Lady Macbeth controlling Macbeth which I think may made male audiences angry, for seeing a women controlling a man. I think women audiences in 1606 would have been shocked by Lady Macbeth controlling of Macbeth, as this was not reality for them. I think this play may have offended women by the fact that Shakespeare’s character Macbeth did what a women told him to do and ended up being killed, which could imply the message do not listen to women as it turn out bad. Today’s audience of men or women would not be offended by the play of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as there is equal rights today between both genders, and that women can tell a man what to do as this is reality these day. As well audiences today would not be spooked by the witchcraft scenes as people today do not believe in witchcraft due to science proving a most of it wrong. Nevertheless, I do think the death scene of killing of Macduff’s son would have offended both audiences. A scene of a child being killed is chilling for both audiences of today and in 1606. The first scene that I will analyse that guides the audience to a tragic event is the one which is Macbeth’s soliloquy, act 2 scene 1. In this scene Macbeth imagines a dagger floating towards Duncan’s chamber where he is sleeping. Macbeths talks to himself saying â€Å"is this a dagger, which I see before me? â€Å" Macbeth cannot believe what he is seeing and questions himself. Before this scene Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth to commit murder by killing the king Duncan. This scene results in the murder of king Duncan who was a noble, great king. The language in the quote asks a question with the question mark and the word â€Å"is†, Macbeth here is imagining a dagger, which the audience could not see due to no props, so with Macbeth questioning himself shows the audience that Macbeth is imagining something. The audience listening to Macbeth question himself would put them on edge, as they would see a person having a strange hallucination in front of their eyes. The question Macbeths asks is rhetorical, as he does not expect an answer as he talking to himself. With Shakespeare using a rhetorical question here I think it helps the audience understands Macbeth is seeing something in his imagination. If this scene was staged with Macbeth more in a panic, worried and scared rather than just confused when imagining the dagger, this would make audiences more disturbed I think, and would have caused them to share some of the emoion of macbeth. Macbeth‘s character could have even cried during this scene which would have shown more emotion of fear. The audience would perceive the character of macbeth as frighted and much more hesitant to commit murder and therefore would have felt sorry for him at one point. The second scene that i will analyse that guides the audience to a tragic event is the one which features the killing of Macduff‘s child, which is in Act 4 scene 2. Before this scene happens, you have Macbeth ordering for Lady Macduff and her child to be killed. At the end of the secne the son is killed, with murderers following Lady Macduff to kill her as well. The child says to his mother which is Lady Macduff â€Å"He has killed me, mother: Run away, I pray you! â€Å". Here the child is shouting to his mother to run, so she does not get killed. The language shakespeare uses here is quite emotive. For a start the boy is shouting as by the exclamation mark, this will get the auidence attention from watching the play as its more dramatic. Its also dramatic by the words â€Å"pray youâ€Å" as the boy is asking God for her safety. This makes the audience upset here becuase as the boy who is himself doomed, does not want his mother to die, which we know it is going to happen. Its quite emotive as the boy shows affection for his mother and not wanting her to be murdered, this give the audience strong feeling of sadness. The way this scene is staged is that Lady Macduff runs off set with the murderers following her. It would be much more upsetting for the auidence to watch her be killed in front of her son. Audiences watching this scene would now have seen macbeth as even more evil as they have now watched another murder which he ordered to be committed. The most chilling scene for myself would have been the murder of Lady Macduff and her child, as i think its upsetting for seeing a child being killed. I think that Macbeth is greedy and evil has he had his ambition come true for others missfortune which i think is greedy, and doing murder of a innocent child is just plain evil in my opion. Overall i think the play macbeth has a good, easy to follow story line.

How Technology Has Progressed Over The Years History Essay

How Technology Has Progressed Over The Years History Essay Throughout history technology has been progressing very rapidly. Man has created things that are used in daily life everyday. Inventions from the creation of fire to the telephone have changed life immensely. In the year 2010 people do not notice how life would be without our everyday tools such as the computer or the light bulb. People today heavily rely on these items that it would be very difficult to live without them. One invention that changed life was the creation of the automobile. Looking back the automobile has been here for a very long time. Since the 1700s Man has tried to create a tool that would help someone progress faster than on foot. From the steam engine to the electric car the automobiles design has came a long way. The automobile was created for one simple method of easy and faster way of travel. Through time the automobiles main function has changed. When it was created its sole purpose was just take someone from point A to point B. In the 1930s the role of cars changed. During the 1930s America was going through the Great depression. The Great Depression was a very struggling time for many Americans. Many families were forced into poverty and their everyday lifestyle changed. Cars became a big part of society. Even with many people in debt during that time there was still a need to have social class. The few individuals that could afford to pay for more luxurious cars bought to show how hard times do not affect them. Back then cars did not come with all the gadgets they have today but there was a difference in class. Cars were not just a method of travel but to some during those times, it was there home. In the 1930s there was a variety of new innovative cars being processed into the world. In the 1920s America was going through the vintage era. In the 1920s most cars were just a luxury but through time it became easier for cars to become produced faster and cheaper. New techniques such as the assembly line help build the widespread of cars. The ford model t was one of the first cars to be mass-produced with the assembly line. By the time the 1930s came around cars have already been apart of average American life. When the Great depression hit the production of cars in America had decreased immensely. Cars such as the Auburn 1931 Convertible Cabriolet were very affordable during those times. It was priced at $1045 Includes finest leather upholstery specially designed window construction that positively prevents rattle finger tip door handles and adjustable steering wheel in the Convertible Cabriolet. Another Car that set new standaards for cars was the Cadillac v-16. The new car attr acted rave reviews from the press and huge public attention. Cadillac started production of the new car immediately. January production averaged a couple of cars per day, but was then ramped up to twenty-two cars per day. By April, 1,000 units had been built, and by June, 2,000 cars. These could be ordered with a wide variety of bodywork. The Fleetwood catalog for the 1930 V-16 included 10 basic body styles; there was also an envelope containing some 30 additional designers drawings. Research by the Cadillac-La Salle Club, Inc. puts at 70 the number of different job/style numbers built by Fisher and Fleetwood on the sixteen chassis. Beginning in June 1930, six new V-16s participated in a promotional tour of major European cities including Paris, Antwerp, Brussels, Amsterdam, Utrecht, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Berlin, Cologne, Dresden, Frankfurt, Hamburg, MÃ ¼nich, NÃ ¼remberg, Vienna (where they won prizes), Berne, Geneva, Lausanne, ZÃ ¼rich, Madrid, San Sebastian, La Baule and Ange rs. On the return journey from Spain, the V16 caravan stopped also in the town of Cadillac, in south-western France, although that city bears no relationship to the marque, other than its name. After the peak in V-16 orders in mid 1930, production fell precipitously. During October 1930, only 54 cars were built. The lowest figures for the 452/452A cars of 1930-31 were August 1931 (7 units) and November 1931 (6 units). Minimum production continued throughout the rest of the decade with a mere 50 units being built both in 1935 and in 1937. 1940 was only marginally better with a total of 51 units. Not surprisingly, Cadillac later estimated that they lost money on every single V-16 they sold. But during that time your car was not just a car but your home. In the 1930s because of the great depression, your car became your home for many. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century, and is used in the 21st century as an example of how far the worlds economy can decline. The depression originated in the United States, starting with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday), but quickly spread to almost every country in the world. Many people because of this had lost there homes because they could not afford to live in it anymore, they began to use there cars as there homes. The first mobile homes were created during the 1930s. In order to save on gas people would use there cars as a wagon by attaching horses to the vehicle. Man y farmers used this method to travel. The term hitchhike was first originated in the 1930s.Because not everyone could afford a car but needed to travel,they would try to hitch a ride with passer byers.Many people charged hitchhikers a small fee.People tried to make business of each other in order to fight the depression. The idea that in order to survive ment that you had to do anything in order to save yourself. Your car was probably the only item that you kept since the depression. Everything that would not help americans would get rid off because it would only hold them back from survival. Even with the Great Depression there were stilll grand prix racing taking place. Beginning in 1934, the Germans stopped painting their cars, after the paint had been left off a Mercedes-Benz W25 in an effort to reduce weight. The unpainted metal soon had the German vehicles dubbed by the media as the Silver Arrows.French cars continued to dominate (led by Bugatti, but also including Delage and Delahaye) until the late 1920s, when the Italians (Alfa Romeo and Maserati) began to beat the French cars regularly. At the time, the Germans engineered unique race vehicles as seen in the photo here with the Benz aerodynamic teardrop body introduced at the 1923 European Grand Prix at Monza by Karl Benz. In the 1930s, however, nationalism entered a new phase when the Nazis encouraged Mercedes and Auto Union to further the glory of the Reich. (The government did provide some money to the two manufacturers, but the extent of the aid into their hands was exaggerated in the media; government subsid ies amounted to perhaps 10% or less of the costs of running the two racing teams.)[6] The two German marques utterly dominated the period from 1935 to 1939, winning all but three of the official Championship Grands Prix races run in those years. The cars by this time were single-seaters (the riding mechanic vanished in the early 1920s), with 8 to 16 cylinder supercharged engines producing upwards of 600Â  hp (450Â  kW) on alcohol fuels. As early as October 1923, the idea of an automobile championship was discussed at the annual autumn conference of the AIACR (Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus) in Paris. However, discussion centered around the increased interest in racing by manufacturers and holding the first European Grand Prix at Monza in 1923. The first World Championship took place in 1925, but it was for manufacturers only, consisting of four races of at least 800Â  km (497Â  mi) in length. The races that formed the first Constructors Championship wer e the Indianapolis 500, the European Grand Prix, and the French and Italian Grands Prix. A European Championship, consisting of the major Grand Prix in a number of countries (named Grandes Epreuves) was instituted for drivers in 1935, and was competed every year until the outbreak of World War II in 1939. Cars during 1930s influenced American life in many ways. They set a new standard for living. Even with the hard times and stuggle americans still felt the importance of buying cars. Automobiles has been something since time that had grabbed Americas wallets since the begginging. Today there is still the same basic need ot have the best car. Every year there is a new must have design that people want to buy. Cars are something that is a basic necessity. No one knows what will be the next big thing in the automobile indusrty.

A Day In The Life Of Ivan Denisovich :: essays research papers

The novel, A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander Solzhenitsyn, is a very detailed and graphic description of one man’s life struggle in a Stalinist work camp. It is the story of Ivan Denisovich’s, most often going by the name of Shukhov, determination and strength to endure the hardships of imprisonment and dehumanization. The most memorable scene shows Shukhov’s determination to survive and adapt to his life. The meal scenes of the novel are where he demonstrates that he has learned to adjust in order to survive. â€Å"When you worked for the knowing you gave them quality; when you worked for a fool you simply gave him eyewash† (page 26). This is the most important quote in the novel because it is the law of which Shukhov lives and survives by. This novel is an account of one day of a man’s struggle with the life that has been dealt to him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ivan Denisovich Shukhov is a man that has learned to deal with a life that is an endless struggle for survival. For example, Shukhov has learned to prioritize the necessities of his life. One being a decent amount of food daily. Shukhov has been able to learn the ropes of the camp and know what he has to do and who he has to interact with in order to get them. He also knows that he should not take lightly what he has and because of that, more than once saved pieces of bread, from an already small meal, for times when he knows he will need them more. Furthermore, Shukhov knows that he is not the only one with a life like his and treats his fellow â€Å"zets† with the help and compassion they deserve. He has helped out many of the other zets learn to survive in the work camp and in turn is given more respect than others. In addition, Shukhov, although dehumanized at almost every time of the day, is still able to keep values of his own. Values of respect, to t hose who have earned it; self pride, so not to be pushed around by just anyone; and even after eight years of facing the bitter cold he will not eat with his hat on. It is Shukhov’s character that kept him alive and sane after eight years in the harsh Stalinist Work Camp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the novel the meal times are pointed out as being very important to Shukhov.

Classification Essay - Exercise Partners -- Classification Essays

Classification of Exercise Partners Every woman's magazine I've ever read gives its readers advice on exercising, and one of the most common tips I've seen is to find a partner to exercise with. In my experience, however, having an exercise partner is not a good idea. I have encountered five types of exercise partners, and I have concluded that it is definitely best to exercise alone. The Drill Sergeant My ex-boyfriend represents the Drill Sergeant. He is one of those people whose motto is "No pain, no gain." Of course, he assumes that everyone else follows this decree as well. He will try to push you to the limit every time you exercise with him, and can become nasty if you give up before he thinks you should. I refused to exercise with him after a few bad jogging experiences. I had expected that we would start slowly and only go for a short run. What a mistake! I was faltering after only a mile or so, and my ex took it personally that I wanted to stop. He started yelling things like "What are you? A quitter?" and, "You can't give up already!" I believe he was trying to inspire me, but his remarks had the reverse effect. I gave up immediately. The Drill Sergeant feels he must whip you into shape. He probably would, if you could stand being around him for that long. The Coach The Coach is closely related to the Drill Sergeant but has a gentler approach. The Coach feels you need guidance to perform to your potential. My former roommate was the coach. She would cheer me on with phrases like, "You can do it!" and, "Just a little further!" Had I actually been on some sort of sports team with her as my coach, the comments would have been perfectly acceptable. They were meant to be words of encouragement, but they only ... ...e and didn't want to get out of bed early. On day four her ankle was bothering her. On day five she was coming down with a cold. By day six, I had given up on my sister and was striking out on my own once again. It is possible to exercise with Lazy Bones if you catch her at the right time. If and when you figure out what this time is, please let me know. I have yet to piece that puzzle together. Most people do not enjoy exercising. Why make it any less enjoyable by exercising with someone who will ultimately annoy you? All people are different, and with that comes different levels of physical fitness. It is nearly impossible to be on the exact level that someone else is at any given moment. When you are alone, you can set a pace comfortable for you. There are no outside pressures to worry about and no others to depend on. I have concluded it's the only way to go.

Biographical Sketch Of August Aichorn

Born in Vienna about 129 years ago on the 27th of July August Aichhorn was to change the face of Special Education forever in the years to come. Of course, no one in his family or amongst his friends or neighbors could have predicted his illustrious future since he was, like most kids, little more than a gawky bespectacled studious little thing while in school.There was little to be noticed about him except that he had a twin brother. This twin brother he lost at the age of 20. Heartbroken and a little frazzled (since he had after all been close to his sibling) he began teaching at a school in Vienna. He seemed to have had his career pretty clearly etched out in his mind.And a pretty predictable path it followed too. Teaching was a respectable profession those days and young respectable young men from well-established families (like him) jumped at the chance to pursue it. Only problem was that in those days once you chose a career for yourself you were expected to stick to it until y ou were too old to continue with it and had to retire with a pension.The hop-skip and jump routine we are so used to performing in the job market today was an absolute no-no then. Unfortunately Aichhorn soon discovered that conventional rules such as these did not matter much to him.In 1907 when the Boy’s military settlement was introduced in Vienna Aichhorn, then an enthusiastic 27 year old, opposed it vehemently and finally managed to outdo the system with his exuberance. Soon after, in 1908 he assumed the role of the chairman of a brand new board designed only to organize boys’ settlements.By means of his rather effective and well-directed activism he therefore managed to keep he education system, a system he had now grown to love and honor, from being maligned by the now growing ‘military spirit’.With great determination he now endeavored to take his devotion to the system to the next logical level, the institution he organized in Oberhollabrunn for de linquent boys was an outcome of this very attempt. (Dollard, 2006)In Oberhollabrunn Aichhorn managed the unthinkable by creating out of the dilapidated remains of a refugee camp what was later considered to be one the most sensitive, touching and humanitarian studies of human behavior. This was a period of flux for what had once been a great and much respected monarchy in Austria.Old Austrian traditions were now being dragged into the street and left ankle deep in poverty and shame. Austrians were striving to keep themselves afloat despite the tremendous inflation and revolution brewed. Amongst it all Aichhorn chose to, characteristically, stay away from all the humdrum and surrender himself completely to work.As in every other state of chaos Austria was now becoming a cauldron for trouble, crime and delinquency was frothing up and societal pressures were getting harder to bear than ever before. Amidst it all Aichhorn dreamed of a way to bring back hope to crime doers. Of course he was not original in his subject choice.Dozens before him had meddled with the same topic rather unsuccessfully. Many of Aichhorn predecessors had advocated some old school mercy and ‘understanding, while others had strongly recommended a good dose of thrashing all in order to bring wrongdoers to their senses and recuperate them.Aichhorn however was not a big fan of either approach. In Oberhollabrunn he had the opportunity to put into practical use the sort of methods he considered truly effective to deal with crime and delinquency. What he saw and understood he finally put down in the form of a book, now the ‘Bible’ in the field – Wayward Youth. (Lamb, 2004)It is perhaps a little difficult to really grasp the importance of the door Aichhorn managed to open up to the public and academicians by suggesting that psychoanalytic principles be applied to the study of delinquent behavior today in 2007, when much has been said and done in this direction.Despite the progress we have made in the field however Aichhorn’s work, the Wayward Youth still continues to be a supremely important resource book simply because of its pioneering nature. In the field of crime and delinquent psychology Aichhorn’s work still continue to provide the basic fundamentals even when we have walked far enough to form complex sentences with these letters we will still have to turn to Aichhorn for support.What makes Wayward Youth such a complete pioneer is the fact that it distinguishes between what it terms the ‘latent’ and the ‘manifest’ delinquents. Further, it suggests that an arrested development inclines a person towards ‘antisocial’ behavior.Hence, a troubled child-parent relationship in the early years of the infant might be the primary reason behind his/her delinquent actions in later life.Aichhorn’s capacity to deal with delinquents is often been described as ‘instinctive’ or ‘intui tive’. After having discovered his talent in dealing with antisocial behavior Aichhron was further influenced and encouraged to train himself in the field of psychoanalysis by none other than Anna Freud, daughter of the man who began it all Sigmund Freud, who was herself engaged in some remarkable studies of the human mind.Aichhorn joined the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute at the ripe age or 44, in 1922. He would later organize a special service for child guidance in the same institution.Aichhorn remained in Austria even during the tumultuous 1930’s, thanks to his non-Jew background and the utter ease with which he handled the Nazis.He worked quietly during the war years and waited patiently for the storm to pass and a new day for psychoanalysis to begin in the post-war era once the war ended Aichhorn enthusiastically reopened the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, only now it was to be called August Aichhorn Gesellschaft. (King, 2000)It was also a regeneration time. Ideo logical conflicts and military interests were shaking civilization right up to its foundations. The doubts, dilemmas and confusions were gradually, quite slowly indeed, giving way to a new and unique cultural revolution. It was happening all across the Western world.People suddenly seemed to realize that there was enough of political warfare to disgrace humanity. (Fletcher, 2005)The prevailing standards suddenly seemed to be meaningless, and the insurgent youths wanted something different to happen and Aichhorn was one of the characters of the era that found himself into his own elements in such a situation.He never lost hope and continued to proceed in the direction he was meant to be. It is certain he never became frustrated like many of the individuals of the post war period and stood firm on his ground rather that drift away. (Kar, 2006)Many think Aichhorn’s tryst with delinquents began early even while he struggled as a grade school teacher in the city of Vienna. He hank ered for a theoretical base which would be able to support and expand his understanding of the world of these crime doers and help him set them right again.Hungry to fulfill this desire he studied neuropathology, like many his age during that period unfortunately neuropathology did little to quench his question, instead it only made him wonder further.Desperate he now tried his hands at experimental psychology, which too failed to satisfy him. It was only when he would finally discover psycho-analysis that he would finally find all the missing pieces to his puzzle. (Edelman, 2001)

Peer College Counselor

There are many traits that define people, and most people share the majority of those traits. However, there are few traits that are unique, special, and rare. The ability to step up when it is required and be a valuable leader is one of them, and I am fortunate enough to have this trait. If a situation ever becomes tough or confusing and people need someone to guide them, I am always happy to accept that osition.I can think quickly on my feet and am able to remain calm and clear- minded in stressful situations. I believe that this trait puts me ahead of my fellow applicants because I understand the stress of being a high school student and I understand how to cope with such stress. Another significant trait of mine is that I am extremely personable and exceptionally easy to talk to. Whenever any of my friends have problems, whether it e in school, home life, or socially, I pride myself on the fact that I am fully capable of being there for them in their time of need.For instance, my sister had recently broken up with her boyfriend of over three years, and she was hysteric. She wouldn't smile, laugh, or even leave the house for at least a week. Everyday, I would clear my schedule Just to be with her, sit with her, and talk with her. I let her express every emotion and concern she was feeling, and, most importantly, I gave her the pportunity to speak freely.After that period, she couldn't stop thanking me for being there for her and being so easy to talk to. I believe this trait will be crucial in being a peer college counselor because, no matter what my peers will need, I know that I will be there for them. From what I have mentioned, I hope to have given you an accurate and positive image of the type of person I am. I'm a hardworking, determined individual and I hope you consider that during this application process.

A Filipino Dish Called Kare-Kare Essay

In general, Filipinos are known to be food lovers. This results in varieties of recipes that were either borrowed or produced. And among these is one of the most popular Filipino dishes named â€Å"Kare-kare†. But why â€Å"Kare-kare†? What does it possess that others are lacking? Well, to know the reason behind this, let me bring you to the colourful world of â€Å"Kare-kare† dish. From a far, you can feel the heat coming from the pot as the pork leg bathes itself in hot water. It is showered with salt and vetsin. Now, as the pork leg softens and feels comfortable inside, a cup of red, thick atsuete starts to flow around it. And looking like a painter’s colour palette, the golden ground peanut and white ground rice mixed with the river of atsuete, covering the entire pot surface. The tub then becomes more attractive and vivid, catching the attention of Mr. Green string beans, Ms. Banana bud, the leafy chinese cabbage, and the ever elegant purple eggplant to jump over. â€Å"Plok†¦ plok†¦ plok†, you can hear as the nutritious vegetables dive inside the world of â€Å"Kare-kare†. So pleasurable! But wait, there’s more. Accompanying this delicious and beautiful dish is a cup of bagoong embellished with chopped liempo. The tenderness of liempo and saltiness of bagoong perfectly match the â€Å"Kare-kare† recipe which will surely leave you asking for more. Satisfying right? Indeed this popular Filipino cuisine is very nutritious and more colourful. It is original and will not only feed your mind and your stomach, but will also wake up your love for the Philippines. Try to share it with others, perhaps to your family or friends, and I’m sure they will feel exactly the same way as you and I do even while just reading this essay. So what are you waiting for? Stop imagining and start cooking your â€Å"Kare-kare†. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————– List of References Del Rosario, M. (2011, November 24). Filipino Recipe – Kare-kare . MM Del Rosario on HubPages. Retrieved September 22, 2012, from http://mmdelrosario. hubpages. com/hub/kare-kare-recipe Kare-Kare, Kare-Kareng Pata ng Baboy ~ Overseas Pinoy Cooking. (2009, September 9). Overseas Pinoy Cooking. Retrieved September 22, 2012, from http://www. overseaspinoycooking. net/2009/09/kare-kare-kare-kareng-pata-ng-baboy. html.

Language Teaching And Application Of Communication Technologies Education Essay

CALL – short for Computer-assisted linguistic communication acquisition is a signifier of computer-based acquisition focused on bettering individualised acquisition as it is a student-centered accelerated larning tool intended to ease the linguistic communication larning procedure. The beginning of the word CALL comes from the abbreviation CAI ( Computer-Accelerated Instruction ) and is a term viewed as an assistance for instructors. Some describe CALL as an attack to learning and larning foreign linguistic communications via the computing machine and different computer-based resources such as the Internet. However CALL is neither designed nor intended to replace face-to-face linguistic communication instruction but instead to better the self-study 1. The Computer-assisted linguistic communication acquisition can really good be used to supplement the group instruction. Since every bit early as the 1960s computing machines have helped linguistic communication instruction. Early in the yearss CALL developed into a symbiotic relationship between the development of engineering and pedagogy.The development of CALL can be divided into three phases: Behavioristic CALL, Communicative CALL and Integrative CALL. The first stage of CALL was based on the then-dominant behaviourist theories of larning. Programs of this stage entailed insistent linguistic communication drills and can be referred to as â€Å" drill and pattern † . In â€Å" drill and pattern † the computing machine serves as a vehicle for presenting instructional stuffs to the pupil. The 2nd stage of CALL was based on the communicative attack to learning which became widely used during the 1970s and 80s. This attack felt that the plans of the old decennary did non let adequate communicating and could non be of much value. The communicative CALL avoids stating pupils they are incorrect and is flexible to a assortment of pupil responses and uses the mark linguistic communication entirely and creates an environment in which utilizing the mark linguistic communication feels natural. The 3rd stage of CALL, the Integrative CALL, tries to incorporate the instruction of linguistic communication accomplishments into undertakings or undertakings to supply way and coherency. It coincides with the development of multimedia engineering. Name in this period is used for widening instruction beyond the schoolroom and reorganising direction. The design of modern CALL lessons by and large takes into consideration rules of linguistic communication teaching method derived from larning theories. Recent researches in CALL are in favor of a learner-centered exploratory attack where pupils are encouraged to seek different possible solutions to a job. Call and computational linguistics are separate but mutualist Fieldss of survey. The intent of computational linguistics is to learn computing machines to bring forth grammatically right sentences utilizing natural and fluid English. Since the computing machines have become so widespread in schools and places and they have become such valuable portion of people s mundane life that it obliged teaching method to develop in new ways to work the computing machine ‘s benefits and to work around its restrictions. A huge figure of pedagogical attacks have been developed in the computing machine age including the communicative and integrative attacks. Others include constructivism, whole linguistic communication theory and sociocultural theory. Using the constructivism theory pupils are urged to build new cognition based on experience so they can integrate new thoughts in their already-established scheme of cognition. Whole linguistic communication theory insists that in position of linguistic communication larning focal point alterations from the whole to the portion and instead than constructing sub-skills like grammar pupils should concentrate on higher abilities such as reading comprehension the manner to larn to utilize linguistic communication is the opposite.The sociocultural theory provinces that acquisition is a procedure of going portion of a desired community and larning through communities regulations of behaviour. Although all attacks are different in general they all take the focal point of larning off the instructors and province that pupils larning experiences has more to make with eloquence over truth in order to let pupils to collaborate, instead than vie. In malice of altering the function of the instructors in the educational system CALL does non extinguish the demand for a instructor wholly. In position of being the centre of pupils attending, instructors now become ushers as they help the pupils complete the assigned undertakings instead than merely educating them. Restricting the instructors presence has been shown to take to better quality of communicating such as more fluidness and more sharing of pupils personal egos. On the other manus, the pupils instead than passively absorbing information now they must absorb new information through interaction and coaction with each other. This should raise their self-esteem and assist their cognition to better linguistic communication scholars four accomplishments – hearing, speech production, reading and composing. Most CALL programmes are geared toward these receptive and productive accomplishments because of the current province of technological progresss. And those programmes h ave helped for the development of talking abilities a batch. Using confab has been shown to assist pupils routinize certain often-used looks to advance the development of talking accomplishments. The usage of engineering inside or outside the schoolroom tends to do the category more interesting. However, certain design issues impact merely how interesting the peculiar tool creates motive. Some ways to actuate the pupils is to personalise information, to hold animated objects on the screen or to supply a context that is non straight language-oriented. One benefit of increased motive is that pupils tend to pass more clip on undertakings when on the computing machine. Without computing machines, pupils can non truly act upon the patterned advance of the category content but computing machines can accommodate to the pupil. This normally means that the pupil controls the gait of the acquisition and that pupils can do picks in what and how to larn. With existent communicating Acts of the Apostless, instead than teacher-contrived 1s, pupils feel empowered and less afraid to reach others. Students believe they learn faster and better and larn more about civilization with computer-med iated communicating. The impact of CALL in foreign linguistic communication instruction has been modest. The restrictions of the engineering, due to the job with cost have been debatable. Computer engineering has improved greatly in the last three decennaries and demands placed on CALL have grown even more so. However, most of the jobs that appear in the literature on CALL have more to make with instructor outlooks and apprehensivenesss about what computing machines can make for the linguistic communication scholar and instructor. The most important factor that can take to the failure of CALL, or the usage of any engineering in linguistic communication instruction is non the failure of the engineering, but instead the failure to put adequately in teacher preparation and the deficiency of imaginativeness to take advantage of the engineering ‘s flexibleness. As active tool making positive motive in linguistic communication instruction and larning CALL is rooted in visual image as establishing rule in methodological analysis. Verbal and ocular are the two faces of the same coin.

Analyzing ‘The Fool’ As Used By Jaques

Analyzing ‘The Fool’ As Used By Jaques In Shakespeare’s As You Like It, Jaques is a static, melancholy character who continually prefers to remain removed from the imprudence of love, wishing he could speak his mind without reprehension. In contrast to most of the other characters, who seize opportunities for change, Jaques, for the most part, successfully resists the magic of the Forest of Arden. His use of the word â€Å"fool† is telling. He frequently uses the term ‘fool’ to describe others, such as Orlando and Touchstone, for pursuing love. Also, the post of a fool in court intrigues him, for such fools are allowed to speak their mind without consequence – an ability that Jaques desires. Eventually a reversal of circumstances renders Jaques the fool, which causes his stubborn character to give way and recognize the merits of love and cordial speech. This essay shows how the word and role of â€Å"fool† both strengthen and humble Jaques. Jaques uses â€Å"fool† frequently in Act II, scene vii, where it merely describes the profession of a court jester. Such a fool has the ability to say anything he wishes because however sarcastic or biting his statements towards others might be, they could be interpreted as jest and forgiven. He speaks with Duke Senior about how he â€Å"met a fool i’ th’ forest,† and how he wishes he were a fool so that he might â€Å"blow on whom he please,† or criticize whomever he wants to without consequence. However, he modifies the meaning of the role of the fool that he wishes to play from an optimistic one, to one more dark and heavy of purpose. The jester in the forest was musing generally about fortune and the passing of time, whereas if Jaques were to have the ability to speak freely, he would â€Å"Cleanse the foul body of th’ infected world, /If they will patiently receive [his] medicine.† By stating his desire to ‘purge the world of its infections,’ he taints the purpose of the fool from that of simply making a situation more lighthearted to ‘lifting the world from its wrongdoings.’ Although the purposes are similar – changing a negative situation into a positive one – Jaques chooses to word the purpose of a jester in such a way that a negative outlook of the world is emphasized; the words â€Å"foul body o th’ infected world† lends a resonating image of pus and festering flesh, which one would not naturally associate with a court fool. Jaques also suggests superiority of thought to the specific fool that he met in the forest by mocking the fool’s intelligence. He laughed for an hour â€Å"sans intermission† after hearing the contemplative musings of the fool, and later compares the fool’s brain to a sea biscuit that has been dried after a voyage, having â€Å"strange places cramm’d/With observation, which he vents/in mangled forms,† or having a jumble of thoughts which he fails to present coherently. By suggesting the idiocy of the fool in the forest, Jaques inherently implies that he finds himself more intelligent, and so further justifies his thought tendencies of dwelling on the negative; now, not only does he view the world as a more negative place, but feels that he is right to think so and those that think otherwise are not as smart as he. To ensure he does not compare he own intellect to that of the fool’s, he emphasizes his desire to wear the clothing of a fool: a â€Å"motley coat,† or patchwork costume. By wishing to only dress as a fool, he attains the right to free speech without compromising his opinions and ‘sinking’ to a level of intelligence in which he would maintain the incoherent thoughts of the fool he met. In Act III, scene ii, Jaques’ use of the term â€Å"fool† shifts during a conversation with Orlando. He initially bids Orlando to sit with him and â€Å"rail against our mistress the world, and all our misery,† or complain about the state of the world. When Orlando refuses to sit with Jaques, Jaques responds, â€Å"The worst fault you have is to be in love,† and later, further belittles Orlando by addressing him as â€Å"Signior Love.† Jaques has made it clear that he associates Orlando strongly with Orlando’s preoccupation with love, and thinks poorly of Orlando for it. Indeed, he states, â€Å"By my troth, I was seeking for a fool when I found you,† Jaques may have been looking for a â€Å"fool† as in a court jester, but upon its association with Orlando, the meaning of the word changes from that of a jester to that of ‘one who has a deficiency in sense and understanding.’ Again, with the aid of the word â€Å"f ool,† Jacques has scoffed at the ideals of love. However, the nature of Orlando’s retorts stings Jaques. Orlando states that the fool Jaques was seeking has â€Å"drown’d in the brook,† and if Jaques were to look in, he should find the fool. When Jaques replies he would see only his reflection, Orlando continues, â€Å"Which I take to be either a fool or a cipher.† He cannot endure being called a fool and leaves abruptly. Suddenly, his means of strengthening his melancholy has betrayed him; he has used the term â€Å"fool† to his advantage thus far and unhappily found himself to be the subject at which it is directed. Through this reversal of who is called, â€Å"fool,† Jaques’ superiority complex is kept in check, and although he continues to call such lovers as Orlando, â€Å"fools,† he also shows faint recognition of the reasoning behind the pursuit of love. In the final scene, Act V, scene iv, when Touchstone and Audrey enter the wedding scene, he remarks, â€Å"There is sure another flood toward, and these couples are coming to the ark.† He compares the lovers to a pair of animals seeking the shelter of Noah’s ark, recognizing the ‘flood’ of ever-present dangers that reside outside of the forest: corruption, hatred, and the vengeful, approaching army of Duke Frederick. He also recognizes the ‘shelter from the storm’ that marriage might provide; it would allow them to focus their attention on a more intimate and loving counterpart and distract them from the threats that lie in the outside world. However, such recognition is short-lived, and he overthrows any glimmer of sympathy he might have had for the lovers with his next sentence, â€Å"Here comes a pair of very strange beasts, which in all tongues are call’d fools.† Even though he has openly noted the safety which marriage would provide, he proceeds to pronounce the folly of the pursuit of love, and marvels at the ‘strangeness’ of the couple. Such an opinion implies that Jaques would prefer the storm of the outside world than the safe haven that love provides, reconfirming Jaques’ negative attitude and his preference for a state of mind in which the fears of the world are not ignored, but openly recognized and embraced. Throughout the rest of the scene, Jaques shows evidence of both maintaining his aversion to love and recognizing its merits, but he continues to use â€Å"fool† to strengthen his superiority of thought. Addressing Duke Senior with regards to Touchstone, Jaques remarks â€Å"Is not this a rare fellow, my lord? He’s as good as anything, and yet a fool.† Since Touchstone is both a fool by profession and a fool to Jaques because he is in love, Jaques’ line can be interpreted with the application of both meanings of â€Å"fool†: ‘he’s as smart as they come, even though he is only a jester,’ and ‘he’s as smart as they come, yet still foolishly in love.’ Either way, Jaques projects an air of superiority to Touchstone he places the esteem of the profession below that of his own a court fool and implies that a fool would not be of comparable intelligence to him, and in the interpretation where ‘fool’ hol ds the meaning of one in love, Jaques judges Touchstone and categorizes him as one without calculation and reason. During his departure speech, his implications of superiority are maintained in that he bestows gifts on many of the characters that were not his to give. For instance, he ‘bequeaths’ Duke Senior’s former honor to him, and gives Rosalind to Orlando again. However, he passes this opportunity to share his negative opinions with others, and instead, speaks cordially to them. In his re-giving of Rosalind, he says to Orlando, â€Å"You to a love, that your true faith doth merit,† recognizing the admirability of Orlando’s faithfulness and the goodness that it deserves, again recognizing the delights and benefits of love. He addresses Touchstone genially as well, and appropriate to Touchstone’s position as a jester, jokes with him about the strength of his relationship with Audrey, stating, â€Å"†¦thy loving voyage/ Is but for two months victuall’d,† meaning that his love for Audrey is not the kind of deep love that would last bey ond two months. And even though he still refuses to partake in love or the festivities associated with it, he departs the scene to join Duke Frederick and his group of religious converts stating, â€Å"There is much matter to be heard and learned [from them].† He leaves the audience with the impression that, although he has not grown to love, his steadfastness in his negative perspectives has been humbled a bit through his interactions with the other characters. Jaques’ melancholy is an object of curiosity the audience does not know why he chooses to brood over the world the way he does, remaining so solitary, but Jaques makes it clear through the use of the word â€Å"fool† that he prefers the sullen state such a sullen state. He addresses Orlando and Touchstone as such, believing them to be foolish in their pursuit of love, and also expresses his desire to wear the costume of a court fool so that he might criticize others freely. He uses the term â€Å"fool† to project his intelligence over others; however, he does not remain completely unaffected by criticism. Even though he remains melancholy for the entirety of the play, after being rendered a fool, he becomes slightly more humbled and expresses an ability to see the merits of amiable speech in addition to the legitimacy of others’ romantic ideals.

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The Department of Veteran Affairs - A Time for Change - Essay Example The legislation that was proposed in May 2011, offers the instrumental perspective into the decision the Congress took on the heating battle. The Cyberspace is not a closed issue for the scientist to link, share information and ideas and compare their finding. It has posed to be rest haven for the skilled hackers, script kiddies, and criminal enterprises. The paper therefore identifies the possible effect of the legislation on the Veteran affairs Department, VA. It is sourced directly from the organization’s mission statement of VA, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan† by serving and honoring the men and women who are America’s veterans† (Health care, n.d.). It is clear the mission of the VA is to protect and serve our veterans, as the years have passed by the way we protect and serve is also changing. The VA being on the cutting edge of technology has acknowledged the need to protect information as well. The VA is committed to providing quality service in all arenas. From ensuring that the veterans gets the quality financial assistance and quality health care, educational benefits and the information from the prohibited persons. The 2011 legislation has various phases to make sure that the policy framework and the guidelines to the information systems and information security, The main framework for the information security is CIA triad conventionally referred to as Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability. When the current policies are evaluated against the proposed and mandated standards, the VA had already resided on the extreme measures in ensuring the security is the basic benchmark for the technical structure. According to the VA (2007), â€Å"Security must be implemented for all new system development and prior to new technology implementation with the VA.† As the VA takes sole responsibility for creating and implementing its own software and systems, this forward thinking not only

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International Management - Essay Example The key opinion/position or argument of the author is that it is essential for EU to take advantage of the potential opportunities of the Southeast Asian region if they are to maintain their global trading power. Therefore EU has to strengthen its linkages with the region to counter the regionalism taking place. He argues that those firms placed within the Southeast Asian region in the form of Multinational operations, International Joint ventures and other forms of FDI, stands to gain favourably from the opportunities emerging from the regionalization process taking place in this part of the world economy. It is him opinion that by taking advantage of the simultaneous drives of these nations to attract FDI ventures that target outward bound export activities, EU firms can capitalize on these trends of regionalism. Southeast Asian region is growing at an average rate of 7.2% compared to 2.4% of EU and these growth markets offer high potential. The techno industrial capabilities of the countries in the region have developed to match those of the EU countries. Countries such as Australia and USA are benefiting form the regionalism taking place through its linkages to the region in terms of APEC and will benefit from the overlapping member relationships of APEC and ASEAN. Those EU firms that have achieved the â€Å"insider† status by locating themselves within the region has benefited by being able to compete effectively not only in the host country market but in export activities to all other nations in the region, compared to outsider firms in EU as well as other nations in pacific rim and USA. If EU firms are to take advantage of the impact of regionalism, by countering negativities and maximising opportunities, they can do so by locating themselves within the region, especially the Sub Regional Economic Zones which operate on interlinked business relationships. Although

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